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Editorial: University must not limit Bailey’s academic freedom

Published: Thursday, March 3, 2011

Updated: Wednesday, May 11, 2011 11:05

Since The Daily published a story Wednesday about an optional after-class sex toy demonstration in psychology Prof. John Michael Bailey's Human Sexuality course, a media firestorm has descended upon Northwestern. On Thursday, the University announced it is launching an investigation into the incident, and President Morton Schapiro said Bailey exhibited "extremely poor judgment" in choosing to show the demonstration.

The Daily does not feel the need to comment on whether or not the administration should be defending Bailey's work in the media. Right or not, Schapiro was completely within his right to issue a critical statement and the University has every right to launch an investigation into Bailey's demonstration.

But that is where its authority over the class must end. NU should not be allowed to dictate what Bailey or any University professor teach in their classrooms. Once an established member of the faculty, professors must be able to control what they do in academic settings. Judgment calls about what's educational and appropriate for students fall solely within the discretion of professors, not of students, parents or administrators.

Many students and alumni seem to be expressing widely varying opinions about whether the demonstration had an legitimate educational purpose or whether Bailey erred in approving the demonstration. The Daily, again, will not engage in that debate. What's important here is that Bailey felt it was educational (because it advanced his students' understanding of sexual diversity, a central theme of the course), and he made a legitimate case.

Beyond that, he should have the academic freedom to determine what he teaches on his syllabus. One of the best parts of any university is its ability expose students to new perspectives and force them to push their limits. For that dynamic to work, NU professors must have the power to exercise academic freedom and teach even the most controversial viewpoints in their research fields. Personal morals shouldn't affect the decisions professors make within the classroom. NU is a private research institution, and students have the option of taking a wide variety of classes. In this case, they also were warned of the nature of the demonstration and had repeated opportunities to leave the room if they chose.

Even if Schapiro and the rest of the administration believe Bailey erred in judgment with the sex toy demonstration, they should not take action against the professor. The University can publicly criticize Bailey and even warn students against taking Human Sex if they are sensitive to the explicit nature of the after-class speakers. But to allow the University to limit the material Bailey teaches in his own classroom sets a dangerous precedent of administrative control.

If NU censured Bailey or prevented him from repeating the demonstration in future Human Sexuality classes, it would possibly deter qualified professors and students from coming to this institution. While most professors aren't planning to stage live sex shows during their classes, the idea that a university administration can monitor what professors teach in the classroom may be enough to deter some professors from working at NU. Faculty aside, some prospective students would also refuse to attend a university where professors were restricted in what they are allowed to teach.

That hypothetical outcome, not potential harm to students who freely chose to attend the demonstration, presents the worst possible repercussions of this incident.

Full disclosure: Two members of The Daily's editorial board are current students in Human Sexuality.

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39 comments

Anonymous
Mon May 9 2011 17:26
"Parents, who send their children to a university, expect that school to protect and help mold their children into loving, educated adults."

...

this is a university, not a uterus. "protecting" and "molding" is your job, person who is OBVIOUSLY an uptight parent. a university's job is to educate and broaden your perspective of the world, which does NOT always involve pleasant fluffy-bunny subject matter. please re-join the world when you have pulled yourself out of denial. thanks.

Anonymous
Mon Mar 7 2011 22:40
REGARDLESS OF WHETHER THIS IS EDUCATIONAL, IS AN ACT LIKE THAT LEGAL? WE KNOW PUBLIC NUDITY IS ILLEGAL, CAN MR. BAILY BE SUED?
Anonymous
Mon Mar 7 2011 19:04
Parents, who send their children to a university, expect that school to protect and help mold their children into loving, educated adults.

Northwestern has dismally failed those parents and those students.

Yes, it might take a philosopher to know exactly where the line between "academic freedom" and "moral degradation" lies; but it doesn't take an expert to know when this line is way over-crossed.

Taking students to witness (and thus, participate in) a woman being sodomized by a machine is moral degradation and a miserable dereliction of a school���s responsibility to both parents and students.

I strongly suspect that there is not a professor or administrator at Northwestern University who would not feel the same way if they heard that their child was taken by his or her professor to witness such an act.

It is repugnant and a dereliction of moral responsibility to have exposed those young people to this sexual degradation. Period.

Karen Roese
Mon Mar 7 2011 15:29
(1) For somebody who complains of a lack of attitudinal openness to diversity in sexual practices Mr. Baiely is rather quick to define, with seeming mocking tone, how those in attendance SHOULD have experienced the event. At a subsequent calss lecture he professed:

"Sticks and stones may break your bones, but watching naked people on stage doing pleasurable things will never hurt you."

(2) Informed consent (which his securing of remains questionable, legally), does not protect against a negative experience or outcome. The 'hey, they knew what they were getting into; they didn't have to stay; obviously if they chose to stay, no harm no foul' justifications fall short, IMO. Informed consent does not magically mitigate a person's actual experience of an event.

(3) As a professor of Psychology, Mr. Bailey is well aware of the social psychological influence of group dynamics on decision making. Was he as mocking when he gave students the option to leave? If he were, that would set the stage for making students feel potential pressure to not be 'that student'--one of the sexually repressed prudes who lacked the 'enlightenment,' being strutted by their professor, to embrace divere sexual practices----one of the very people Mr. Bailey seems to take issue with in his class teachings. Even if he weren't, some students may have felt social pressure to stay due to self-consciousness with respect to how they might be judged by the group were they to leave.

I am certain that one of his NU colleagues wrote a book about regret. If only...Mr. Bailey were to 'hook up' with said colleague now----he might learn, first-hand, how to turn this now alleged regret into 'opportunity' (which, in the world of entitlement well represented by many in academia, is often times consistent with doing whatever hedonistic pursuit du jour one finds palatable, no matter the collateral cost). On second thought, never mind. It would appear that he's already earned his 'credentials' in that area.

Karen Roese

Anonymous
Mon Mar 7 2011 14:10
To Mad Mom in Ohio--perhaps you should trust that you raised your children to make good decisions. Not everyone in college is doing drugs, having orgies, murdering puppies and whatever other horrors Fox News is making up. If your kids aren't sharing their grades or life with you, that's not the University's fault (and it doesn't sound like your kids go to NU anyway). As a NU alum, I know first hand how many students are serious and work hard.
Anonymous
Mon Mar 7 2011 14:02
No doubt many people commenting on this article would think that Professor Bailey's entire Human Sexuality course is too prurient for "little children." We should not be so quick to judge this particular demonstration due to the sexual nature of the coursework. Too often we jump to conclusions regarding the salacious nature of human sexuality without spending the time to fully appreciate the subject from an academic perspective.

For many undergraduates, Northwestern University is the first exposure to life choices outside of the suburban-white bread existence many of us were raised in. Coursework, including guest speakers and demonstrations, like those offered by Professor Bailey, is not only important academic research on the human condition, but is also important part of many undergraduate personal growth and maturity. The first step in acceptance and tolerance is often understanding; without a course like Human Sexuality, many would not understand, for example, transgendered and transsexual persons, and may contribute, knowingly or unknowingly, to the continued discrimination against such persons.

While I was not there and do not know the tone of the presentation, as an active alumni, I hope that the University continues to appreciate the experiential and academic value of courses like Human Sexuality. Regardless of what the University finds, I believe that Northwestern is successful because of its commitment to academic freedom, both in the classroom and outside.
Anonymous
Mon Mar 7 2011 12:30
Last time I checked, Northwestern students were receiving subsidized Federal Stafford Loans. The word subsidized, means that taxpayers are incurring a cost, so I am helping to pay for live sex acts, in your private university classrooms.

Check Catholic Charities, they also receive federal funds. So private universities and charities should stop taking federal funds and pretending that they are special because they are private.

Anonymous
Mon Mar 7 2011 10:00
I was thinking about it.

If I met this guy Bailey and he said, hey you want to go to this club and watch blah?......I would consider this guy a creep.

If he went on to say that he's spent his whole life researching this stuff; that he has collections of didoes, pictures, articles, etc. and is writing books on it, etc.......... then I would think he was more of a creep, no different than those guys lurking in adult bookstores (but, a creep hiding behind an academic front rather than a raincoat).

If he went on to say, that not only does he research this stuff, but he introduces this stuff to 600 young men and young women a year.........then, I think, I would consider him more than just a creep.

I would consider him evil.

.

Anonymous
Sun Mar 6 2011 22:59
Trying to defend a live sex show as protected by "academic freedom" strains credibility and common sense. What next? Bring on the donkey show? This episode is a major embarrassment to Northwestern and will undoubtedly cost the University money in lost alumni contributions. It will probably result in some prospective students who were considering Northwestern going elsewhere. An eighteen-year-old student may be an adult, but it's still mom and dad who are paying the bills.
K Dub
Sun Mar 6 2011 16:03
Whatever one thinks about Professor Bailey's class, the arguments put forth in this editorial are poorly thought-out. "Academic freedom" does not mean that professors get a pass in having their actions in the classroom criticized, be it to condone or to condemn them. Simply put, a live sex show is illegal. (Surely Dr. Bailey knows this, as it is his area of expertise.) Just as classes on warfare don't include live-fire demonstrations, and pharmacology classes do not offer optional drug injections after class, a class on sexuality does not require a live sex show. To suggest that the university is unable and unwise to limit what activity goes on in their institution's classrooms is either fatuous or naive on the part of the Daily.
Ann
Sun Mar 6 2011 11:10
As an alumni and a current student's mother, I have to say I am more disturbed by Prof. Bailey's "non-apology" apology than the sin for which he ostensibly made that gesture. When you have done wrong, you need to own it, express your regret, and atone. Prof. Bailey's comments yesterday met none of these three requirements of a true apology; instead, he merely cast those who criticize him as narrow minded. Well, "sorry," Professor, but this is not an example of true adult behavior for your students. Grow up, deal with your issues, whatever they are, and demonstrate that maturity which is currently so lacking in our culture.
David
Sun Mar 6 2011 10:40
Of course the university should be able to limit what is taught in class. Would you be o.k. if the professor taught that it is wrong for blacks and whites to get married and engage in sexual intimacy together? What if he taught that gays should be executed? Academic freedom, like all freedoms, have to have limits...we can argue about where those limits should be, but in my opinion, this clearly crossed the line of basic decency.

Also, you say that "Once an established member of the faculty, professors must be able to control what they do in academic settings." How absurd a statement is this? Professors are still limited by the law, by campus rules, by academic standards, and by morality as far as their actions are concerned. What if the professor wanted to demonstrate a sexual act between himself and a student? Are you seriously o.k. with this? The university is supposed to be a place of education and sharing of ideas, not a place for people to demean themselves and each other in the name of higher education.

Anonymous
Sun Mar 6 2011 07:28
The children running the Daily Northwestern "newspaper" are editing whatever posts they feel like editing. Either they don't have an academic adviser or they do, and he/she has about as much integrity and knowledge as Bailey.
Anonymous
Sun Mar 6 2011 00:59
Why does the Daily Northwestern edit its posts when Morty Shapiro is mentioned? I wrote earlier and I see my comment has been removed.
Anonymous
Sat Mar 5 2011 16:12
I don't really understand the absolute need to have a live demonstration such as this in order to adequately teach on this subject. It is a conflict of intest for a professor that is grading a student to be in the same room as the student while he/she views an incident, even if it "optional." What's next Prof. Baily, a demonstration of pedophilia? I mean really. Again, I'm not arguing that the subject shouldn't be taught, but the way it was done was in poor taste and an embarassment to the University.
Anonymous
Sat Mar 5 2011 10:59
The sad part about all this is Morty Shapiro in choosing to flip flop on his response to the media just to cover his own ass missed an opportunity to have the media pay full attention to the great work just published by Northwestern researchers on their stem cell work.
And let���s face it, Baily has issues and I sure as hell wouldn���t want him teaching my daughter. The editorial statement "What's important here is that Bailey felt it was educational (because it advanced his students' understanding of sexual diversity, a central theme of the course), and he made a legitimate case." is ridiculous.
Anonymous
Sat Mar 5 2011 06:24
This "media firestorm" exists solely because the juvenile dorks at the Daily chose to report it. Well done Daily, hope you're happy with the damage you've caused.
Anonymous
Sat Mar 5 2011 02:11
You bloody knee jerk idiots. There's a few of differences between you and me, besides the fact that I am an adult and you are overgrown children. First, I recognize the difference between lewd and lascivious behavior and you do not. Second, I recognize the difference between academic freedom and shameful, arrogant misconduct, and you do not. Third, I have caused to donate very substantial money to the university and am in the position to make additional very substantial donations, and you are not.

I win. Fire this miserable SOB.

Anonymous
Sat Mar 5 2011 01:45
I would just like to point out that Northwestern is and continues to be an amazing institution and the student at NU are some of the most dedicated and brilliant students in the country. Look into the history of any institution and you will find incidents that have were not in keeping with the institution's overall mission and beliefs. It's completely ridiculous to say that NU is "utterly failing its students" because of the poor judgment of one professor. Sending emails to the university's president expressing your disappointment in the school and how you will not be sending your children there is just a childish reaction to an incident that the university did not even have the chance to approve or disapprove. Furthermore, making generalized claims that Northwestern students "like watching live sex act" and "don't care about the credentials or ethics of the teacher" is yet another generalized statement made by those who want to make this situation define the university. First - I will point out that 100 students attended this event...NU has 8000 undergraduates, please don't make blanket statements. The students who chose to watch this, did exactly that - chose. In addition, they were not getting credit for this - this was a completely optional after-class event, although I don't approve of the judgment call made here, it would help if people adhered to the facts and didn't make up their own versions of the story.

Finally, to the parents who pay for their children's tuition. I realize that some parents would not have wanted their children to see this - my parents would not want me to see it, nor would I wish for my children to see this. BUT, even you are paying for your child's tuition, the reality is your child is an adult and at college. They are not under your supervision anymore and part of college is learning to make the right choices on your own. If your children chose to attend this event, it is not the university's fault that it is not in keeping with your own moral values - your children should not need you to chaperone their every action. Part of going to college is trusting your children to make good choices. I would not want my children to constantly need me to tell them that they don't make good decisions, because if I made all the decisions for them, they would never learn to make the right choice and develop their own sense of what is right and wrong, ethical/unethical. Developing good judgment is part of becoming more mature. My parents have never found the need to control my decisions, they have always trusted my judgment and taught me how to make good decisions instead of making them for me. This doesn't make them "uninvolved" parents, in fact, my parents have been probably some of the most involved parents throughout my education. Involved parents are those that talk with their kids and discuss issues that they're concerned about with their kids. If you don't think your kids make good choices, you need to open a dialogue with them, understand your kids values - because face it your "children" are growing up, they are becoming independent, and they will develop their own value system. You can't shelter them from growing up, you did too, but you can teach them how to make the choices they will eventually have to face.

Anonymous
Fri Mar 4 2011 20:15
OK. Now that the student children are permitting opposing views, here is what I propose:
Because there is such a value in allowing students to see live shows of human behaviors, I would propose that in Anatomy and Physiology class we have live shows of people defecating.
Defecation is a complex and controversial subject. Some people do it once a day, some do it three times a day, some do it only twice a week or less. Some are unable to do it at all because their colons are damaged. They have colostomies. Defecation is a beautiful, misunderstood, human behavior. There is much we don't know about defecation. Anyone opposed to showing beautiful human beings involved in the beautiful human act of defecation are just anal-negative, or defecation-negative. What unenlightened human beings they are. Let's have a class for the defecation enlightened. What neanderthals that you who are opposed to defecation shows are.
Come on, student children. Are you with me? Can we show defecation for the beautiful experience it is? Come on, are you with me?






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